Western Osprey: Seahawks

This article is part of series of “protect our species” articles being published by Health, Safety and Environment Department as part of 2019 Earth Day celebrations with a focus on the wildlife found in Saudi Arabia and/or at KAUST.

It is not unusual to see a large hawk soaring regally over the coastal areas of KAUST hunting for fish. This is the Western Osprey which in some parts of the world is called a Seahawk. It is classified as a bird of prey and the only bird in its genus Pandion.

Western Ospreys at KAUST usually make their nests in mangrove stands on the sand islands. This is probably to avoid the soaring summer temperatures. They may also utilize man-made structures or place the nest in trees. At KAUST they have bred several times in the Beacon, carefully positioning the nest to avoid direct sunlight. In other parts of the world they will breed in the tops of trees on rocky outcrops or utilize nest platforms constructed for them by conservationists.

The Western Osprey especially is adapted to catching fish which makes up 99% of its diet. It has special spikes below its toes, known as spicules that enable it to grab the fish. The scales on its talons face backwards helping it to grasp a slippery fish securely. It is also able to close its nostrils when diving to prevent water entering and its oily feathers help it to prevent water logging.

Ospreys are diurnal and may live up until 10 years of age. Adults reach 60 cm in length and have a wing-span of up to 180 cm. In many parts of the world, Ospreys are migratory, but at KAUST most of the birds seen regularly are resident to the area.

They are regularly found at the King Abdullah Monument area, sitting on the lamp posts eating their prey. They also frequently patrol the beach areas of the Island in the late afternoon hunting for food.